Maternal Mastitis as a Risk Factor for Neonatal Parotitis


Primary author: Kyle Shelton, DO

Mentors: Natalie Royer, DO and Elizabeth Rodriguez‐Lien, MD

Acute neonatal parotitis is a rare disease, with approximately 75 cases reported between 1970 and

2022. The disease is characterized by swelling of the parotid gland, often unilateral, with associated

erythema and tenderness to the area. Fever, agitation, and dehydration are often associated with

parotitis. Prompt recognition of the condition allows for the initiation of antibiotic treatment and the

avoidance of complications. This case‐study describes a full‐term infant who presented with neonatal

parotitis. The history of present illness revealed that the patient’s mother had mastitis of one breast and

was actively breastfeeding. Mastitis of breastfeeding mothers has been implicated as a route for the

transmission of contaminated breastmilk to the infant and as a risk factor for the development of

neonatal parotitis.



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